SERVICES OF GUIDANCE
Definition of guidance
The
elements of guidance are learning about the individual student, helping him to
understand himself, effecting changes in him and in his environment which will
help him to grow and develop as much as possible.” —Knapp
Guidance is
a term with many meanings. It is a point of view a group of services, a field
of study which we should be required to choose one of the emphasized service
would pre- dominate”. — (Moser and
Moser)
Guidance
services help people make important decisions. Colleges often have guidance
services to help student choose the right career path, while high schools often
have guidance services to help students choose the right college. As a concept,
guidance is concerned with the maximum development of the individual to make
his own decisions. As a process, it makes the individual aware of his abilities
and potentialities. The purpose is to make him confident in selecting
appropriate course of action for adjustment in various walks of life and
helping the individual for balanced development.
Orientation Services:
According to Collins concise
dictionary:
“Orient means to adjust or align
one-self or something else according to surrounding or circumstance”.
This
service assists new students and transferees in becoming at home in their new
environment. Talks on various topics that deal with adjusting to college
life and the various programs and services that the Guidance Center offers are
discussed. Old students are also reoriented with the various Guidance
programs and services through their student assemblies, group guidance and
classroom sessions. Every person in the universe come across some problems or
other irrespective of their age, sex, and occupation or professional problems
but when he /she try to solve his
problem so this phase called orientation This is helping the clients to adjust
to the new environment. The assistance given to students to help them adjust to
the new situations called "orientation “
This may take several steps i.e.
from primary school to secondary school, show them the office Dining hall, staff room; introduce them to rules and regulations of the school. In the undergraduate level e.g. senate building, health center and recreation. This is designed to assist students adjust adaptively when found in new school environment for effective learning. The teachers should also be given orientation on how to handle the learners from time to time.
from primary school to secondary school, show them the office Dining hall, staff room; introduce them to rules and regulations of the school. In the undergraduate level e.g. senate building, health center and recreation. This is designed to assist students adjust adaptively when found in new school environment for effective learning. The teachers should also be given orientation on how to handle the learners from time to time.
Orientation
Example:
Library orientation makes library users aware of
the library and the services it offers, library orientation educates people
regarding general use of the library. The library orientation programmed offers
first year student an introduce the library resources and services.
Testing
Services:
This service helps the student assess and
understand her abilities, capacities, interests, personality and pressing
concerns. It is also a useful tool for the counselors as basis for
guidance and counseling and helps diagnose behavioral and emotional problems
that affect school performance. Every year students are given various
psychological tests and are interpreted by their respective guidance
counselors. Testing services include the administration and
interpretation of psychological, mental ability and personality tests for all
levels. These tests facilitate better understanding of students’ strength and
weaknesses, and help identify multiple intelligence as basis for academic
interventions and other purposes. This is a built-in service, which focuses on
psychological assessment/testing of students as need arises.
•
Year Level Thrusts
•
Freshmen - Life
Management (Administering SAMMS) Middle Interview
•
Sophomores -
Decision-Making and Career Planning (Administering Myers Briggs)
•
Juniors -
Professional Career Management (Career Exploration Seminar)
•
.Seniors - Life Vocation & Social Responsibility Exit Interview
Psychological Testing Service (PTS):
It refers to the administration, scoring and interpretation of psychological tests to individual or group of students used to assess his/their behavioral tendencies. Psychological tests are also used as tools in counseling students.
Educational
and occupational services:
Educational:
•
Promoting guidance
in support of the education of students.
•
Facilitating the
transition of students from primary to secondary, from secondary to
post-secondary educational institutions to other educational institutions
and/or work.
•
Providing
curricular guidance regarding subject options and choice of courses, at different
levels.
•
Providing personal
career guidance.
•
Providing
information through various activities, materials, seminars both at school and
at systems level, through the organization of career seminars, career
exhibitions, career orientation visits, information leaflets, etc.
•
Providing job
exposure to the Form 4 or Form 5 students.
•
Promoting staff
development in the field of guidance.
•
Participating in
research projects related to guidance which includes Tracer study.
•
Organizing
seminars, talks and/or contacting parents on personal development, educational
achievements, educational issues and developments.
•
Organizing
seminars, talks and preventive programmes on guidance related topics.
Occupational:
Occupational
guidance supports adolescents choosing their first profession and adults
choosing a course of study and planning a career. The guidance concerns, among
others, entering the working world, to continuing education and training,
through to career reorientation. During lower-secondary education, the pupils
attend career guidance and vocational preparation classes, in which pupils are
encouraged to think about their future, to analyze their career wishes and
capabilities and, if necessary, to ask for support from information and
guidance centers.
In accordance
with the Federal Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act, the
cantons provide occupational, educational and career guidance. Each canton
operates corresponding centers for occupational, educational and career
guidance. These guidance centers offer guidance, decision aids, information,
documents and assessments. In addition, they operate vocational information
centers with information about professions, initial education and training,
continuing education and training. The cantonal directors of occupational,
educational and career guidance coordinate national relevant issues in the
Swiss Conference of the Directors of Occupational and Educational Guidance,
which addresses all issues regarding coordination of occupational, educational
and career guidance in the cantons.
The Swiss
Service Centre for Vocational Training, Study and Career Counseling (SDBB) has
been established since 2007. It offers services for occupational, educational
and career guidance; the cantons have legally to provide for by the Federal
Vocational and Professional Education and Training Act. These include, among
others, the production of information material for occupational, educational
and career guidance and the assurance of continuing education and training of
specialists in the field of occupational, educational and career guidance.
The degree
of success and individual will achieve in finding an occupational role which
suits his personality, interests and aptitudes will be determined, at least in
part, by the information he possesses about him and the information he
possesses about occupations.
There are
many sources of occupational information, but the most important are probably
the mass media, recruitment literature and the occupational stereo types
transmitted by peers, parents and other key persons.
Counseling
services:
Emotional
pain, like physical pain, is a signal that something needs to change. Students
know to see a doctor for an ache or cough that won’t go away, but where can
students turn for support and guidance for the anxiety or feelings of
depression that won’t go away? For some students, counseling can be part of the
solution. Counselors act as facilitators to help students better understand
themselves and the world around them. Counselors work with students to help
them understand and explore how their feelings and thoughts influence their
choices, decisions and actions. Counselors help students develop more effective
coping and problem-solving skills. The Counseling and Testing Center (CTC)
provides individual counseling sessions, group counseling, couples counseling
and mind-body services that are free of charge to enrolled Georgia State
University students. Listed below are just a few examples of some common
concerns which bring students to the CTC:
•
Symptoms of stress
and anxiety
•
Feelings of
depression, loneliness and decreased motivation
•
Difficulty
transitioning to a new school or college environment, academic problems or
pressures and long-distance relationships
•
Relationship
difficulties, including roommate conflicts, family difficulties and romantic
relationship concerns
•
Questions and
confusion about identity, self image, sexuality, gender or issues related to
acculturation and diversity
•
Grief and loss
•
Concerns about
relationship with food or body image
•
Issues of sexual
assault, relationship violence, stalking, abuse or other traumatic experiences
•
Unhealthy substance
use
•
Thoughts of doing
harm to self or others
While
counseling might be helpful in numerous situations, students are strongly
encouraged to seek counseling services for the following:
•
You are unhappy on
most days or feel a sense of hopelessness
•
You worry
excessively or are constantly on edge
•
You are unable to
concentrate on your schoolwork or other activities
•
You are unable to
sleep at night or constantly feel tired
•
You have
experienced a change in your appetite or your weight
•
You have
experienced a loss (e.g., a relationship breakup, a parent’s death)
•
You have increased
your use of alcohol or other drugs (including cigarettes)
•
You feel overwhelmed
by what is going on in your life.
The teacher should not be expected to provide counseling those that is a
complex undertaking which requires special professional knowledge and skills.
However .he should be expected to efficient interest in his pupils and to
listen to them attentively when they seek his assistance. whether the
pupil is worried about a guide
the loss of a pet a family
quarrel or breaking up with his friend the teacher should try to understand how the
pupil feels and help him express his feelings. The teacher must be
realized upon to identify the pupils who have more serious problems. The
counselor talks to them and decides whether he should attempt to help or should
refer them to others for treatment .when a teacher discovers such a pupil (and
the pupil has not initiated a conferences with the teacher ) he may either call
the pupil in for a conference and make the referral to the counselor or ask the counselor to see the pupil.
Placement services:
Assistance to students in finding employment through:
Relations with external
employment agencies.
Job search
workshops addressing topics such as writing a resume, contacting potential
employers and preparing for a job interview, taking into consideration the
unique characteristics of the Open University student.
Employment fairs -
employment fairs are held on the Open University campus with the participation
of employers and placement agencies offering employment opportunities in
various fields. Students and graduates may apply to the various companies.
Employment offers at the
Open University and those received directly from employers are posted in Open
Positions
Relations with external
employment agencies. Job search
workshops addressing topics such as writing a resume, contacting potential
employers and preparing for a job interview, taking into consideration the
unique characteristics of the Open University student. Employment fairs -
employment fairs are held on the Open University campus with the participation
of employers and placement agencies offering employment opportunities in
various fields. Students and graduates may apply to the various companies. Employment offers at the
Open University and those received directly from employers are posted in Open
Positions
This
service takes care of assisting students in their career decision-making from
knowing their abilities and potential, providing them information regarding the
university course offerings and requirements, information on job trends, job
referrals and employment opportunities. In organize a school placement service
for a school system which has more than one high school one is confronted with
the problem of whether to have centralized services or separate services in
each school. over a decade ago Leon Lerner noted a trend toward centralized
placement services.
Placement
records:
The history
should includes a description of the students vocational objectives his job
skills and his interests abilities and aptitudes as they were exhibited on
tests in academic work in extra class activities and work experiences.
The counselor’s role
Counselor’s
role in placement. His primary responsibility here is to help his clients
understand themselves, identify their salable skills, define vocational goals,
and examine the relevant of specific jobs for their vocational goals
Follow up
services:
Definition
of Follow up Services:
J.W.M
Rothney made the following suggestions for conductive follow up studies should
be planned with student whole they are still in school more are apt to respond
to and recognize the value of such studies when they understand why they are
conducted.
Planning follow up studies:
•
Purpose may be
served by a follow up study.
•
Data are needed to
fulfill these purposes.
•
We expect to use
their data to improve to school program and the guidance service for student.
•
Our instrument
provides the data we need the instruments developed with sufficient care and
properly field tried, before being used with entire simple.
A counselor must not leave a client just like
that. He/she must do
follow up to see if the student/client is still adjusting or adjusting well.
e.g chain smoker, drunkard. Follow up sessions are conducted among students who are counseled, referred by faculty, administrators and other university staff. The follow-up service ensures that the student has learned appropriate behaviors and decisions regarding his/her problem or need. Follow up service focuses on the graduates, school learners and counseled students. It hopes to look into the effectiveness and adequacy of the guidance program and the educational program in general. Follow up is done through letters, telephone calls, personal interview or questionnaires. This may also include contact with school heads, counselors of former student to gain insight into her level of adjustment.
follow up to see if the student/client is still adjusting or adjusting well.
e.g chain smoker, drunkard. Follow up sessions are conducted among students who are counseled, referred by faculty, administrators and other university staff. The follow-up service ensures that the student has learned appropriate behaviors and decisions regarding his/her problem or need. Follow up service focuses on the graduates, school learners and counseled students. It hopes to look into the effectiveness and adequacy of the guidance program and the educational program in general. Follow up is done through letters, telephone calls, personal interview or questionnaires. This may also include contact with school heads, counselors of former student to gain insight into her level of adjustment.
Research
& evaluation services:
These
services aim to determine how effectively the guidance program is meeting the
need, interests and abilities of the students and discover what aspect of the
program has contributed to the development of the total educational program of
the school. Every year, the guidance center conducts evaluation on the
different programs and services it offers, it also assists the Student
Development Services in disseminating its evaluation form which covers the
different Student Services; Canteen, Guidance, Bookstore, Sewing, and Clinic.
A service which consists of the conduct of researches on student’s UPCAT
scores, psychological test results, values, attitudes and the evaluation of the
basic guidance services at the end of the school year. Systematic
evaluation of guidance activities are carried out and studies conducted.
Results are made available in order to provide information needed to develop,
improve and upgrade guidance services.
Summary:
Guidance
and orientation is interrelated guidance given by one person to another in
making choices and adjustment of solving problems. And orientations also
related to individual problems and adjust his environment problems and try to
solve them with intellectual abilities.
•
Testing Services
It refers to the administration, scoring and interpretation of psychological tests to individual or group of students used to assess his/their behavioral tendencies. Psychological tests are also used as tools in counseling students.
Follow-up Service:
Follow up sessions are conducted among students who are counseled, referred by faculty, administrators and other university staff. The follow-up service ensures that the student has learned appropriate behaviors and decisions regarding his/her problem or need.
•
placement services
This service takes care of assisting students in their career decision-making from knowing their abilities and potential, providing them information regarding the university course offerings and requirements, information on job trends, job referrals and employment opportunities.
Research and Evaluation Service (RES)
•
A service which
consists of the conduct of researches on student’s UPCAT scores, psychological
test results, values, attitudes and the evaluation of the basic guidance
services at the end of the school year.
Conclusion:
With the
study of this topic we can find guidance In our different fields of life, which
can be educational, occupational, follow up, placement and referral etc.
guidance and counseling provide information according to our interests,
aptitudes and selective career. Students should must follow these services to
make their decision easier.
References……….